Soil is the source of minerals, and these minerals are absorbed by end part of root of a plant. There are two types for mineral absorption – 1. Passive absorption – by apoplastic path. In this type minerals passes through outside of the cell. Passive absorption doesn’t need ATPs. It has two ways – a. By diffusion – from high concentration to low concentration. b. By ion-exchange – minerals can exchange with same charge ions. I. Contact exchange – direct exchange with H + and OH - ions. II. H 2 CO 3 exchange – cells of root produce CO 2 during respiration, which adds with H 2 O and makes H 2 CO 3 . That H 2 CO 3 is broken /catalyzed in H + and HCO 3 - . And these both ions show exchange with +ion and –ion present in soil. c. Mass flow – ions are also can be absorbed by transpiration force. 2. Active absorption – by symplastic path. In this type minerals passes through the cell. And for this type plants need ATP. ...